Multiple Response Identify one
or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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1.
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Over a three-month period, seismic activity was detected in the Pacific ocean at
the following five coordinates. Event 01: Box 2R | Event 04:
5Q | Event 02: Box 3Q | Event
05: 6P | Event 03: Box 4P | Event
06: 6Q | | |
Plotting
Instructions Latitude is represented by the horizontal numbered lines (see numbers on
the left. Longitude is represented by the vertical lettered lines (see letters at the
top). First determine the latitude. Then determine the longitude. Example: Tennessee is located
the Box 4E | | | Multi-Select Question
Map
these six coordinates, and select an explanation that best describes what they represent in relation
to tectonic process. (Select 3 of 5 choices)
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2.
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Tectonic plates are large pieces of the Earth’s crust that are constantly
in motion. The edges where the plates meet are called plate boundaries. Multi-Select
Question
Using the map above, where would you expect to have a higher propensity for
earthquake and volcanic activity? (Select 3 of 5 choices)
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3.
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Examine the map shown below. Each triangle represents the location of an active
volcano at or near a tectonic plate boundary Multi-Select QuestionUse your knowledge of tectonic
plate movements and plate boundary interactions to determine the coordinates of three volcanoes
located along a divergent boundary. (Select 3 of 5 choices)
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4.
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Multi-Select Question In areas surrounding the Ring of Fire at
the edges of the Pacific plate, earthquakes and volcanoes are common geologic events that human
populations must deal with. How have scientists, engineers, and governments taken precautions to help
limit the negative effects on infrastructure and human life? (Select 3 of 5 choices)
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Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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5.
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In 2011, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake caused a devastating tsunami to strike the
coastline of Japan. The tsunami wave was estimated to be 33 feet high and traveled at 500 miles per
hour through the Pacific Ocean. The impact from this huge wave flooded and severely damaged the
Fukushima Daiich Nuclear Power Plant which released harmful radiation on Japanese citizens. Two-Part QuestionPart One: | Examine the diagram above to determine the cause and effect relationship between an
earthquake and a tsunami. | Part Two | Select a
design solution for the future that could reduce damage to Japan’s remaining nuclear power
plants. | | |
a. | Part One: When plates spread apart from each other at divergent boundaries,
water is forced into motion. If this wall of moving water approaches an island like Japan, it forms a
massive tsunami also known as tidal wave. Part Two: Japanese politicians should ban the
construction of any new nuclear power plants to avoid this kind of problem in the
future. | b. | Part One: When plates slide past one another at transform boundaries,
earthquakes often occur. The seismic waves (S-Waves) from these earthquakes forms tsunamis.
Part Two: The United Nations should lead the effort to increase the elevation of the
Japanese islands to avoid any future damage to their nuclear power plants. | c. | Part One:
When large slabs of rock are displaced on the ocean floor, a massive amount of water is forced into
motion. This motion can become a tsunami when the moving water reaches a shoreline. Part Two:
Tall and strong concrete sea walls should higher than any recorded tsunami should be constructed
around any Japanese nuclear power plant near the coast. |
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6.
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Surtsey is a volcanic island that first appeared above the surface of the
Atlantic Ocean off the southern coast of Iceland in 1963. The island appeared where no land had
been previously located and has been intently studied by geologists What phenomena would explain how Surtsey
was formed along a divergent boundary?
a. | Surtsey was formed in a similar fashion to the Hawaiian islands. As the tectonic
plate moved, a hotspot was created at a weak spot in the crust which allowed magma to flow through to
the ocean floor. Eventually this built up rock layers to form this island. | b. | Surtsey was created
as a result of plate interactions along the Ring of Fire in the Pacific ocean. Due to ongoing
tectonic processes along this geologically active arc, many volcanic islands have been formed in this
area over time.
| c. | As the Mid-Atlantic Ridge spread apart,
magma flowed upward to the ocean floor. and solidified. Over time, layer after layer of new
rock was built up high enough to the point where the island appeared about sea level.
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7.
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Seismographic stations at numerous locations around the globe routinely detect
seismic activity in and around the Pacific basin. This arc of earthquakes and volcanoes is called the
Ring of Fire. What cause and effect relationship
connects the Ring of Fire, the Pacific Plate, and geologic activity in the area?
a. | Cause: The Pacific plate boundary is the largest subduction zone on
Earth.. Effect: Since the Pacific plate is moving under other plates at several locations,
geologic and volcanic activity has decreased significantly. | b. | Cause: The
Pacific plate is moving South toward Antarctica. Effect: This southern movement is forming
divergent zones at various plate boundaries leading to earthquakes and volcanoes. | c. | Cause: The
entire Pacific Plate is moving in a north-west direction. Effect: The Pacific Plate is
impacting other plates along the Ring of Fire leading to hotspots, earthquakes, and
volcanoes. |
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8.
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Examine the two tables shown below. ---Table-A
shows the number of earthquakes worldwide above a magnitude 2.5 between 1973 and 1998.
---Table-B shows where these earthquakes occurred during this same time period.
As
part of a team of seismologists, you are asked to construct an explanation linking the data is these
two table and to present you conclusions at a USGS conference. Which one of the following
explanations should you use?
a. | As the number of magnitude 2.5 and higher earthquakes increased, the number of
locations decreased each year because all seismic activity in the Earth ceased in
1998. | b. | The locations of these earthquakes demonstrated that seismic activity mainly occurs
far from fault line or plate boundaries | c. | Magnitude 2.5 and higher earthquakes mainly
occur along recognizable lines that represent tectonic plate
boundaries. |
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9.
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The Ring of Fire is an area of ongoing and frequent tectonic and volcanic
activity along the edges of the Pacific plate. More than 75% of the world’s volcanoes can be
found along this 40,000km stretch. Determine the primary cause and
effect connection which explains why the Ring of Fire has such a high frequency of geological
activity.
a. | Cause: The Ring of Fire’s crust is very thin and allows molten
rock to flow upwards. Effect: This high volume release of magma causes
earthquake and volcanic activity. | b. | Cause: This activity is mainly
caused by tectonic processes at transform boundaries. Effect: Transform
boundaries often have subduction zones which form volcanoes | c. | Cause:
The movement of the Pacific plate causes it to crash into other
plates. Effect: Friction and heat at plate boundaries causes earthquake and
volcanic activity. |
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10.
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If you compare a map of Earth’s plate boundaries with a map of the
locations of earthquakes and volcanoes over the last 15 years, you will observe that there is a clear
correlation. Tectonic Plate
Boundaries: Three Types | | | | | | |
Select the explanation that best explains why most earthquakes and
volcanoes occur at or near plate boundaries.
a. | As tectonic plates move away from each other, weak spots are created in the
Earth’s crust. The weak spots allow for the movement of magma through the lithosphere.
| b. | Earthquakes only occur at transform boundaries as the tectonic plates slide by each
other. Volcanoes are only found at convergent plate boundaries in the Ring of
Fire. | c. | At plate boundaries earthquakes occur due to friction and released tension. These
locations also have increased heat and pressure which forms
volcanoes. |
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